National Infrastructure Commission for Wales: Nature Guardian
In 2025, the National Infrastructure Commission for Wales undertook a 6 month pilot to test a new governance intervention: the appointment of a Nature Guardian.Read More →
Europe
This page identifies ecological jurisprudence initiatives that exist in Europe. For the purposes of delineating boundaries, we define Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan as constituting the Eastern boundary of Europe.
Switzerland Parliamentary Inquiry: granting glaciers legal personality
In 2017, Swiss parliamentarians sought rights for glaciers, but the Federal Council rejected the proposal despite scientific warnings of their disappearance.Read More →
Mar Menor FOI Request (Switzerland): Federal Office of Justice
Mar Menor sought environmental information from the Federal Office of Justice of Switzerland, but faced a denial of justice.Read More →
Paris Declaration: rights of the Seine River
On June 4 2025, the Paris City Council adopted a resolution calling on Parliament to pass a law giving the Seine River legal personhood.Read More →
FutureEverything (UK): nature on the board
In October 2025, FutureEverything, a UK-based arts and technology organization, formally amended its constitution to include Nature as a board director.Read More →
Berlin (Germany) Law: rights of the Spree River
In October 2025, a group of citizens launched a draft law to recognize the rights of the Spree River in Berlin as a legal entity.Read More →
Tyrol (Austria) Citizen Declaration: together for a living Isel
On 13 September 2025, residents of East Tyrol, Austria together with the Tyrolean Environmental Ombudsman, presented a declaration for a living Isel River.Read More →
Germany Administrative Submission: Hambach Lignite Mine
On 16 October 2025, a Citizen Submission regarding the Hambach Lignite Mine was submitted to the German Ministry for the EnvironmentRead More →