Valais (Switzerland) court case: rights of wolves and children
In 2024, a child took legal action contesting a culling order of wolves in the Canton of Valais, arguing it violates the rights of nature and the child.Read More →
Initiative Index
This page allows you to access the full database of legal initiatives in the Eco Jurisprudence Monitor. You may filter your search based on the parameters and search bar below. To access the initiative's summary page and legal documents, click the “Read More” button on an initiative.
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Lucerne (Switzerland) Parliamentary Inquiry: right to a healthy environment and legal personality of nature
In June 2023 Rahel Estermann submitted an inquiry on the right to a healthy environment and legal personality of nature that sparked a debate in Lucerne.Read More →
Ecuador National Law: rights of non-human animals
In 2022, a draft national law in Ecuador on the rights of non-human animals was formally presented to the National Assembly by Ecuador’s Defensoría del Pueblo.Read More →
Kyrgyzstan Criminal Code (1997): ecocide
In 1997, the Kyrgyz Republic codified the crime of ecocide in its Criminal Code.Read More →
Tajikistan Criminal Code (1998): ecocide
In 1998, Tajikistan formally recognized ecocide at the national level by including provisions in its Criminal Code addressing severe environmental destruction.Read More →
African Ministerial Conference on the Environment (AMCEN): declaring ecocide as a continental priority
In July 2025, African Environment Ministers agreed at the AMCEN 20 to include ecocide in the continent’s environmental priorities for the 2025-2027 biennium.Read More →
Ghana Parliamentary Recommendation: ecocide law
In December 2025, Ghana’s Constitutional Review Committee proposed establishing a national crime of ecocide as part of broader constitutional reform.Read More →
Chile Ecocide Law
On 17 August 2023, Chile adopted a law that modifies the Penal Code to incorporate a new section on "Attacks against the environment" with elements of ecocide.Read More →
India Ecocide Law
On December 5, 2025, the Ecocide (Prevention and Accountability) Bill, 2025 was introduced in the Parliament of India by Sujeet Kumar.Read More →
Mar Menor FOI Request (Germany): Federal Ministry for the Environment BMUKN
Mar Menor requested information on rights of nature from the Federal Ministry for the Environment but was ignored as the applicant.Read More →
France National Law: nature in corporate governance
On 3 March 2026, MP Charles Fournier introduced a members bill in France's National Assembly on the representation of Nature within corporate governance.Read More →
Santa Ana (Ecuador) Court Case: rights of the Portoviejo River
In January 2026, a Santa Ana judge declared the Portoviejo River a rights‑bearing entity and ordered contamination remediation and ongoing protections.Read More →
Slovenia National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP)
In 2020, Slovenia published its National Environmental Action Programme 2020-2030 which presents a framework for eco-centric protection of the environment.Read More →
Australia National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP)
Australia’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan was endorsed in November 2019 by the Meeting of Environment Ministers.Read More →
Ecuador Constitutional Court Case: property rights, environmental rights, and rights of nature
On 11 December 2025, the Constitutional Court of Ecuador allowed forced land access to remediate oil spill, prioritizing Nature’s rights over property rights.Read More →
Crestone (USA) Title Transfer: Pyramid Mountain nature governance
On 7 June 2025, a private land transfer initiative associated with Pyramid Mountain in Colorado sought to establish a novel form of ecological stewardship.Read More →
Tyrol (Austria) Environmental Ombudsman Office: Voice for Nature
In 2005, the Austrian state of Tyrol enacted legislation creating an Environmental Ombudsman Office to represent nature in administrative and legal proceedings.Read More →
Martinique Citizen Declaration: rights of the salt marshes
In 2023, a coalition of Martinican associations launched the Declaration of the Rights of the Salines to support the recognition of it's ecosystem rights.Read More →
Mexico City Environmental Law 2024: Legislative Provisions for the Constitutional Rights of Nature
In July 2024, Mexico City enacted a new Environmental Law that recognizes the rights of nature and centers ecological balance and public health in urban policy.Read More →
Declaration of the Rights of the Mediterranean Bioregion
To address the ecological crisis in the Mediterranean, an international initiative has been launched calling for the recognition of the Mediterranean Bioregion.Read More →