Summary
In 2018, the city of Fortaleza located in Northeastern Brazil adopted an ordinance recognizing rights of nature. The city has a population of over 2.6 million inhabitants and is Brazil’s 4th largest city. Article 244 of the ordinance states “All beings of Nature have the right to an ecologically balanced environment, good for common use of the people and essential to a healthy quality of life and natural ecosystem processes, imposing on the Public Power, through its agencies of the Direct Administration and the entities of the Indirect Administration, as well as the collectivity the duty to: preserve and restore the essential ecological processes, as well as guarantee and provide for the ecological management of species and ecosystems in order to guarantee the preservation of Nature and the improvement of the quality of life of human beings and other beings of Nature.
Suggested Citation:
Kauffman, Craig, Catherine Haas, Alex Putzer, Shrishtee Bajpai, Kelsey Leonard, Elizabeth Macpherson, Pamela Martin, Alessandro Pelizzon & Linda Sheehan. Eco Jurisprudence Monitor. V2. 2025. Distributed by the Eco Jurisprudence Monitor.https://ecojurisprudence.org/initiatives/fortaleza-municipal-ordinance/.
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