Nauta (Perú) Municipal Ordinance: rights of stingless bees
On December 22, 2025, the Provincial Municipality of Nauta-Loreto approved a local ordinance recognizing the rights of native stingless bees.Read More →
Indigenous Model
This page identifies initiatives that are Indigenous-led and/or co-developed and applies Indigenous ways of knowing and positioning such as relationality and responsibilities to an entity of nature, recognizing it as living and possessing spirit. An initiative is considered Indigenous-led and/or co-developed when one or more of the groups involved in the initiative self-identifies as Indigenous.
Satipo (Perú) Municipal Ordinance: Rights of Stingless Bees
On October 21, 2025, the provincial municipality of Satipo, Peru approved Ordinance N° 33, declaring the rights of stingless bees.Read More →
XI FOSPA Mandate: Declaration of the Rights of the Amazon
In June 2024, the Mandate of the XI FOSPA called for the recognition of the Amazon as a subject of rights, while advocating for Amazonian Indigenous sovereigntyRead More →
Yurok Tribal Ordinance: rights of the Klamath River 2024
In 2024, the Yurok Tribe approved a Tribal Ordinance establishing the Rights of the Heyhl-keek ‘We-roy (Klamath River), following an earlier 2019 Resolution.Read More →
Southern Chiefs’ Organization of Manitoba (Canada) court case: legal personhood for Lake Winnipeg
In 2024, the Southern Chiefs Organization initiated a Charter challenge in Manitoba, Canada seeking recognition of Lake Winnipeg as a living entity with rights.Read More →
Chile Citizen Declaration: rights of the Biobío River
In September 2024, the Biobío River becomes the first ecosystem in Chile to have a Declaration of Rights, recognizing its rights to exist, flow, and regenerate.Read More →
Rappahannock Tribe Constitution: rights of the Rappahannock River
On October 2024, the Rappahannock Tribe in Virginia became the first tribal nation in the U.S. to adopt a Tribal Constitution recognizing the rights of nature.Read More →
First Nations and Tribes Treaty: Grizzly Bear Protection
In September 2016, First Nations and Tribes across North America signed a cross-boarder Indigenous Treaty to protect the sacred Grizzly Bear.Read More →