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Freshwater Ecosystem

This page identifies ecological jurisprudence initiatives in which the subject of the initiative is a freshwater ecosystem. Examples include watersheds, rivers, lakes, freshwater aquifers, or any type of freshwater wetlands (e.g., ponds, marshes, swamps, etc.).

Nez Perce Tribe Resolution Recognizing the Rights of the Snake River

United States of America
Approved in 2020
In 2020, Nez Perce Tribe leaders passed a resolution recognizing the rights of Snake River and giving it legal personhood.Read More →

Mexico proposed amendment to New General Water Law recognizing Rights of Nature

Mexico
Rejected in 2020
In 2020, the Chamber of Deputies rejected amendments to the draft bill of the New General Water Law of Mexico adding the recognition of rights of nature.Read More →

El Salvador Draft Declaration and Recognition of the Rights of the Lempa River as a Subject of Rights

El Salvador
Drafted in 2020
In 2020, a draft bill aimed to recognize the Lempa River as a subject of law in El Salvador, enabling a caretaking system.Read More →

Orange County, Florida U.S. Charter Amendment on the Rights of the Wekiva and Econlockhatchee Rivers

United States of America
Approved in 2020
In 2020, Orange County, Florida adopted a charter amendment recognizing the Wekiva River and Econlockhatchee River have rights.Read More →

Menominee Tribe Resolution Recognizing the Rights of the Menominee River

United States of America
Approved in 2020
In 2020, the legislature of the Menominee Tribe of Wisconsin adopted a resolution recognizing the rights of the Menominee River.Read More →

Colombia Cauca River Case

Colombia
Approved in 2019
In 2019, the superior court of Medellin ruled in favor of the rights of the Cauca River and of future generations.Read More →

Colombia Pance River Case

Colombia
Approved in 2019
In 2019, the Third Court of Execution of Sentences and Security Measures of Cali granted rights to the Pance River in view of pollution in the ecosystem. Read More →

Colombia Otún River Case

Colombia
Approved in 2019
In 2019, a ruling in Columbia recognized the Otún River, its basin and tributaries as an entity subject to rights.Read More →
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