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Indigenous law

This page identifies initiatives that express ecological jurisprudence within any piece of legislation or constitution passed by the main legislative body of an Indigenous Nation (e.g. Tribal Nation, First Nation, etc.). The terms commonly used to refer to these pieces of legislation are constitution, tribal council resolution, band council resolution, tribal codes/ordinances, etc. It is important to note that these terms vary depending on the legal tradition in which they are located and regional legal plurality (e.g. across Oceania, North America, South America, etc.).

Ponca Nation Resolution Recognizing the Rights of Rivers

United States of America
Approved in 2022
the Ponca Nation adopted the Rights of Rivers law, a new statute recognizing the immutable legal rights of two rivers that flow through Ponca territoryRead More →

Tohono O’odham Resolution Recognizing Personhood of Ha:sañ (Saguaros cacti)

United States of America
Approved in 2021
Resolution from Tohono O'odham Legislative Council acknowledges legal personhood and affirms Ha:san (saguaros cacti) as an O’odham person, kin, and sacred plantRead More →

Ponca Nation Resolution Recognizing the Rights of Nature

United States of America
Approved in 2017
In 2017, the Ponca Nation passed a resolution recognizing rights of nature and creating penalties for crimes against nature.Read More →

Navajo Nation Code Recognizing Rights of Nature

United States of America
Approved in 2002
In 2002, the Navajo Nation adopted a Navajo Nation Code, which outlines the various rights and laws of the nation and recognizes rights of nature.Read More →

Menominee Tribe Resolution Recognizing the Rights of the Menominee River

United States of America
Approved in 2020
In 2020, the legislature of the Menominee Tribe of Wisconsin adopted a resolution recognizing the rights of the Menominee River.Read More →

ʔEsdilagh First Nation Sturgeon River Law

Canada
Approved in 2020
In 2020, the ʔEsdilagh First Nation, an indigenous group located in British Columbia, adopted a law in order to protect the Sturgeon River.Read More →

Nez Perce Tribe Resolution Recognizing the Rights of the Snake River

United States of America
Approved in 2020
In 2020, Nez Perce Tribe leaders passed a resolution recognizing the rights of Snake River and giving it legal personhood.Read More →

White Earth Nation Resolution Recognizing the Rights of Manoomin

United States of America
Approved in 2018
In 2018, the White Earth Band established the rights of Manoomin (wild rice) on the White Earth Reservation and throughout 1855 ceded territory.Read More →
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