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Declaration

This page identifies initiatives that express ecological jurisprudence through a statement of intent by a government, such as city council resolutions or Indigenous nation declarations.

Town of Falmouth, Massachusetts (U.S.) Resolution Recognizing the Rights of Nature

United States of America
Approved in 2024
On April 22, 2024, the Town of Falmouth in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, adopted a resolution recognizing the rights of nature.Read More →

Sault Tribe Resolution Recognizing Rights of Nature

United States of America
Approved in 2024
The Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians in northern Michigan passed a resolution in defense of the tribe’s first family: its natural resources.Read More →

Chile Declaration of Rights of the Biobío River

Chile
Drafted in 2024
In September 2024, the Biobío River becomes the first ecosystem in Chile to have a Declaration of Rights, recognizing its rights to exist, flow, and regenerate.Read More →

Democratic Republic of Congo declaration of an international crime of ecocide

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Approved in 2024
October 31, 2024, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) publicly declared its support for establishing ecocide as an international crime.Read More →

Nijmegen, Netherlands Motion for the Rights of Nature

Netherlands
Submitted in 2024
In April 2024, a 'Rights for Nature' motion was submitted to the Nijmegen city council in the Netherlands to recognize rights and legal personality for Nature.Read More →

Minnesota U.S. Resolution for the Rights of Manoomin/Psíŋ

United States of America
Submitted in 2024
On April 4, 2024, a resolution was introduced in Minnesota state legislature to recognize the inherent rights of Manoomin/Psíŋ (Wild Rice).Read More →

Town of Serra de Outes (Galicia) Spain Declaration of the Rights of the Tins River

Spain
Approved in 2024
In March 2024, Serra de Outes in Galicia adopted a Declaration of the Rights of the Tins River—making it the first river in Spain to have its rights recognized.Read More →

Town of Lyons, Colorado U.S. Resolution to Protect the St. Vrain Creek Watersheds and Ecosystems

United States of America
Approved in 2023
On November 20, 2023, the town of Lyons, Colorado adopted a Rights-of-Nature like resolution to protect the St. Vrain Creek watersheds and their ecosystems.Read More →
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