Summary
On August 22, 2021, France passed the “Climate & Resilience Act” or Law No. 2021-1104 which formally introduced ecocide-related provisions in its legal code in two contexts. Firstly under Article L.231-3, which provides up to a 10 year imprisonment for those who intentionally committed acts causing serious and lasting environmental harm to health, flora, fauna or the quality of the air, soil or water. Secondly, under Article 296, the government is obliged to report back to parliament within one year on its actions promoting the recognition of ecocide as a crime which can be tried by international criminal courts. The approval was passed by 44 votes to 10 in France’s lower house of parliament, and applies to the most serious cases of national environmental damage.
Suggested Citation:
Kauffman, Craig, Catherine Haas, Alex Putzer, Shrishtee Bajpai, Kelsey Leonard, Elizabeth Macpherson, Pamela Martin, Alessandro Pelizzon & Linda Sheehan. Eco Jurisprudence Monitor. V2. 2025. Distributed by the Eco Jurisprudence Monitor.https://ecojurisprudence.org/initiatives/france-ecocide-law/.
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