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Civil Society

This page identifies ecological jurisprudence initiatives in which one or more of the initiators is a group of people that have come together to support the initiative, but are not in a formally recognized non-governmental organization. These people may either be based in a particular community or be gathered together via a common movement/initiative.

Alameda (USA) Resolution: safe passage of whales, sea turtles, and marine wildlife

Alameda, California, USA
Approved in 2024
Declaration
Animal, Marine Ecosystem
On 15 October 2024, the City of Alameda adopted a resolution supporting the free and safe passage of whales, sea turtles, and other marine wildlife in its waterRead More →

Perú National Law: stingless bees a matter of national interest

Peru
Approved in 2025
Legislation
Animal
On 9 January 2025, Peru enacted Law No. 32235, declaring the Native Stingless Bee a matter of national interest and the flora it depends on a national treasure.Read More →

Los Cedros FOI Request (Switzerland): Federal Department of Foreign Affairs

Switzerland
Submitted in 2025
Position Statement
Forest Ecosystem
On 31 October 2025, the Ecuadorian Los Cedros cloud forest initiated a joint FOI request to Switzerland's Department of Foreign Affairs and the IACHR.Read More →

Switzerland Court Case: life of a mouse and foxes crossing a roadway

Löwenberg, Switzerland
Approved in 1989
Court Case
Animal
Whether two foxes or a single mouse, the Swiss Federal Supreme Court ruled that innate human respect for all animal life means protecting, not destroying it.Read More →

France Citizen Declaration: Rights of the Garonne River

Haute-Garonne Department, France
Drafted in 2023
Civil Society Declaration
Freshwater Ecosystem
In 2025, the Citizens' Assembly of Haute-Garonne declared itself in favor of granting legal status to the Garonne River.Read More →

Denmark Citizen Proposal: Green Constitution

Himmelbjerggården, Denmark
Drafted in 2024
Civil Society Declaration
All Nature
In June 2024, Naturens Grundlovsmøde (’Nature’s Constitution Meeting’) was held at Himmelbjerggården, Denmark. The event is organized annually by the asRead More →

Belize court case: rights of the barrier reef

Belize
Approved in 2011
Court Case
Animal, Marine Ecosystem
In 2011, the Court of Appeal of Belize upheld a witness testimony that acknowledged coral reefs as living and complex ecosystems that are not property.Read More →

UN One Ocean Science Congress (2025): ocean rights recommendation

Nice, France
Failed in 2025
Civil Society Declaration
Marine Ecosystem
In June 2025, the One Ocean Science Congress created recommendations for the UN Ocean Conference, recognizing the importance of human-ocean relationships.Read More →
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