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Civil Society

This page identifies ecological jurisprudence initiatives in which one or more of the initiators is a group of people that have come together to support the initiative, but are not in a formally recognized non-governmental organization. These people may either be based in a particular community or be gathered together via a common movement/initiative.

Turkey Ecocide Law: Genocide, Crimes Against Humanity and the Planet Code

Turkey
Drafted in 2023
Legislation
All Nature
A bill to amend the Turkish Penal Code No. 5237 of 2004 to include a crime of ecocide, has been drafted. The bill proposes changing the title "Genocide and CriRead More →

Italy Citizen Declaration: rights of the Venice Lagoon

Venice, Italy
Drafted in 2025
Civil Society Declaration
Marine Ecosystem, Urban
On November 20 2025, a Declaration of the Rights of the Venice Lagoon was launched, recognizing the lagoon as a legal entity within a complex urban environment.Read More →

Finland Constitutional Citizens Initiative: fundamental rights of nature

Finland
Drafted in 2025
Constitution
All Nature
On November 20 2025, a citizens’ initiative titled Hiljaisten oikeus — perusoikeudet kuuluvat myös luonnolle (“The Right of the Silent — Fundamental RiRead More →

Alameda (USA) Resolution: Safe Passage of Whales

Alameda, California, USA
Approved in 2024
Declaration
Animal, Marine Ecosystem
The Alameda Whale Safe City Resolution was adopted on October 15 of 2024 and establishes the City of Alameda’s formal commitment to supporting the free and saRead More →

Switzerland: Los Cedros Freedom of Information Request on IACHR Advisory Opinion 32/25

Switzerland
Submitted in 2025
Position Statement
Forest
Journalistic Endeavours – Los Cedros and Its Cloud Forest Inhabitants Set Out to Cover Swiss Support for the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.Read More →

Switzerland Criminal Court Case: The Life of a Mouse and Two Foxes Crossing the Roadway

Löwenberg, Switzerland
Approved in 1989
Court Case
Animal
Whether two foxes or a single mouse, the Swiss Federal Supreme Court ruled that innate human respect for all animal life means protecting, not destroying it.Read More →

France Citizen Declaration: Rights of the Garonne River

Haute-Garonne, France
Drafted in 2023
Civil Society Declaration
Freshwater Ecosystem
The Citizens' Assembly of Haute-Garonne declared itself in favor of granting legal status to the Garonne River.Read More →

Denmark Citizen Proposal: Green Constitution

Himmelbjerggården, Denmark
Drafted in 2024
Civil Society Declaration
All Nature
In June 2024, Naturens Grundlovsmøde (’Nature’s Constitution Meeting’) was held at Himmelbjerggården, Denmark. The event is organized annually by the asRead More →
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