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Urban

Mexico City Environmental Law 2024: Legislative Provisions for the Constitutional Rights of Nature

Mexico City, Mexico
Approved in 2024
Legislation
All Nature, Urban
In July 2024, Mexico City enacted a new Environmental Law that recognizes the rights of nature and centers ecological balance and public health in urban policy.Read More →

France National Law: legal personality and rights of the Seine River

Paris, France
Submitted in 2026
Legislation
Freshwater Ecosystem, Urban
On 20 February 2026, a bill on the legal personality and rights of the Seine River was tabled in the Senate of France's national parliament.Read More →

Paris Declaration: rights of the Seine River

Paris, France
Approved in 2025
Declaration
Freshwater Ecosystem, Urban
On June 4 2025, the Paris City Council adopted a resolution calling on Parliament to pass a law giving the Seine River legal personhood.Read More →

Berlin (Germany) Law: rights of the Spree River

Berlin and Brandenburg States, Germany
Drafted in 2025
Civil Society Declaration
Freshwater Ecosystem, Urban
In October 2025, a group of citizens launched a draft law to recognize the rights of the Spree River in Berlin as a legal entity.Read More →

Italy Citizen Declaration: rights of the Venice Lagoon

Venice, Italy
Drafted in 2025
Civil Society Declaration
Marine Ecosystem, Urban
On November 20 2025, a Declaration of the Rights of the Venice Lagoon was launched, recognizing the lagoon as a legal entity within a complex urban environment.Read More →

Amsterdam (Netherlands) Municipal Motion: rights for nature

Amsterdam, Netherlands
Approved in 2025
Policy
All Nature, Urban
In July 2025, the Amsterdam city council approved an initiative proposal on Rights of Nature within the city.Read More →

Paris Honorary Citizenship of the Seine River

Paris, France
Approved in 2025
Declaration
Freshwater Ecosystem, Urban
On February 12 2025, the City of Paris granted honorary citizenship to the Seine River and emphasized the necessity to grant the river real legal status.Read More →

Resistencia (Argentina) municipal court case: rights of Laguna Francia

Chaco Province, Argentina
Approved in 2024
Court Case
Freshwater Ecosystem, Urban
In 2024, the Municipal Court of Resistencia in Chaco, Argentina ruled that the Laguna Francia is a subject of rights.Read More →
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