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Marine Ecosystem

This page identifies ecological jurisprudence initiatives in which the subject of the initiative is a marine ecosystem, or major element of a marine ecosystem. Examples include oceans, seas, salt marshes, estuaries and lagoons, mangroves, coral reefs, and the sea bed (floor).

Spain court case applies legal personality of Mar Menor lagoon

Spain
Submitted in 2023
August 31, 2023 – For the first time, a court in Spain applies the Law that grants rights to the Mar Menor and calls on its representatives to appear in court Read More →

The Ocean Race Summit Mindelo Declaration 2023

International
Approved in 2023
In 2023, the Ocean Race Summit in Cabo Verde issued the Mindelo Declaration, stating the Ocean has inherent rights and urged adoption of a universal declarationRead More →

Trilateral Wadden Sea Conference Wilhelmshaven Declaration for a new Wadden Sea Management Plan

International
Approved in 2022
2022 Trilateral Wadden Sea Governmental Council management plan to explore if “Rights of Nature” could be adapted to the Wadden Sea World HeritageRead More →

Newfoundland & Labrador Rights of the Atlantic Ocean Bill

Canada
Drafted in 2022
The Social Justice Co-operative of Newfoundland & Labrador revealed the first draft of a new "Rights of the Atlantic Ocean" bill to be brought in St. John's, NLRead More →

Prime Minister of the Republic of Cabo Verde speech to the United Nations 2022

International
Approved in 2022
The Prime Minister of the Republic of Cabo Verde stated that Cabo Verde advocates for a Universal Declaration of Ocean's RightsRead More →

Ecuador court case on the unconstitutionality of the Environmental Code regarding Mangroves

Ecuador
Approved in 2021
The court declared the partial unconstitutionality of several articles of the Organic Environmental Code because they could endanger mangroves in 2021.Read More →

Mexico court case constitutional appeal to protect Mangroves in Laguna del Carpintero

Mexico
Approved in 2016
A court in Mexico approved an amparo (a constitutional appeal), arguing that the development of a park project harms a mangrove swamp in 2016.Read More →

Ecuador court case on Rights of Nature violations due to shrimp farming in Mangroves of the El Verdun Commune (2012)

Ecuador
Rejected in 2015
In 2012, Ecuadorian courts ruled that a shrimp company in the mangrove ecosystem of the El Verdun Commune does not violate the rights of natureRead More →
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